More Information About : Plate Tectonics Map Plate Boundary … Various stages of … Give one example. HP, Hikurangi Plateau; KT, Kermadec Trench; NHT, New Hebrides Trench; TT, Tonga Trench; VT, Vitiaz Trench. Instead draw a Best –fit line for the points. 27. The northern boundary of the Fiji Plateau includes the Cape Johnson Trough and Vitiaz Trench; the latter can be extrapolated east to the north- western termination of the Tonga Trench. "andesite line," marking the boundary between continental- and oceanic-type volcanics, lies along the Tonga Trench (Marshall, 1911; Mac donald, 1949, p. 1590) , and the rocks of Tofua are all volcanic and of continental orogenic types. "andesite line," marking the boundary between continental- and oceanic-type volcanics, lies along the Tonga Trench (Marshall, 1911; Mac donald, 1949, p. 1590) , and the rocks of Tofua are all volcanic and of continental orogenic types. 1) serves as an intriguing exampleofthiscomplexity[2^6].At10Ma,sub-ductionofthePaci¢cplatebeneaththeAustralian plate was occurring along the Solomon^Vitiaz^ Tonga^Kermadec trench system [3,7] (Fig. Geological pressure on the fold tilted the island so that part of the south-eastern end is now 80 m above sea level whereas the western end is only 6 to 8 m … Geologic Region Type of Plate Boundary Tectonic Plates Associated with the Boundary Mid Atlantic Ridge. The Tonga is also the final resting place of the radioisotope thermoelectric … Oceanic trenches are associated with what type of plate boundary? Ocean trenches formed by this continental-oceanic boundary are asymmetric al. 7, From looking at your reference tables where do we usually find divergent boundries? The Tonga Trench is formed at an oceanic vs. oceanic plate boundary, where the denser oceanic plate is subducted under the other oceanic plate. Forming a mostly convergent boundary, it subducts under the other, just north of New Zealand, forming underwater trenches. 3. GEOMOR PHOLOGY Tofua Island is oval in plan, and approxi mately 5 miles by 6 miles … Add the number in both columns of Summary Table. Wilson's hypothesis has come to be accepted widely, because it agrees well with much of the scientific data on the Pacific Ocean in general, and the Hawaiian Islands in … Based on what you learned from this activity, how would you define a trench? Divergent Eurasian Plate, N. American Plate, African Plate, & S. American Plate Tonga Trench Convergent Australian plate & Pacific Plate. The Puerto Rico Trench is located at a boundary between the two plates that pass each other along a transform boundary with only a small component of subduction. Tectonic controls on sedimentation and diagenesis in the Tonga Trench and forearc, southwest Pacific @article{Clift1998TectonicCO, title={Tectonic controls on sedimentation and diagenesis in the Tonga Trench and forearc, southwest … d. Using your Reference Tables, indicate the relative movement of each plate using arrows. Tonga trench and the Chile trench. What kind of a landform is created at divergent plate boundaries? The Chile Ridge where new ocean crust is formed is in the Nazca-Antarctic Plate boundary. North of New Zealand, the Australia-Pacific boundary stretches east of Tonga and Fiji to 250 km south of Samoa. On the Tonga Trench graph, the best-fit line is an estimate of the location of the boundary between the Pacific Plate and the Indian-Australian Plate. 26°S) the Tonga Trench is colliding with the Louisville Seamount Chain, a chain of guyots and seamounts on the Pacific Plate roughly parallel to the Hawaiian–Emperor seamount chain in the northern pacific. Match each of the following geographic features with the appropriate letter (a-u) on the map on the previous page and list the type of plate boundary (convergent, divergent or transform) associated with each feature. The Tonga Trench is the second deepest site in the ocean … Which two plates converge to form the Tonga Trench? 1) serves as an intriguing exampleofthiscomplexity[2^6].At10Ma,sub-ductionofthePaci¢cplatebeneaththeAustralian plate was occurring along the Solomon^Vitiaz^ Tonga^Kermadec trench system [3,7] (Fig. The estimated convergence rate is approximately 15 cm/yr (Lonsdale, 1986); however, 35.The Tonga Trench is located at the tectonic boundary between the Pacific Plate and the A)collided with the Nazca Plate B)collided with the North American Plate C)slid away from the Nazca Plate D)slid away from the North American Plate 36.According to the plate tectonics theory, the Peru-Chile Trench and the Andes Mountains formed Divergent Eurasian Plate, N. American Plate, African Plate, & S. American Plate Tonga Trench Convergent Australian plate & Pacific Plate. Explain how volcanic islands are formed along the Tonga Trench starting with the movement of tectonic plates. 8. The deepest trench in the world, the Mariana Trench located near the Mariana Islands, is 1,580 miles long and averages just 43 miles wide. What kind of plate boundary do you think is shown in this activity (divergent plate boundary, convergent plate boundary, or transform plate boundary)? During the next 30 days extensive multichannel and single channel seismic surveys were made of the northern parts of the Tonga Ridge and Lau Basin, with transit lines through the … SOILS Tongatapu is a coral limestone island formed on the crest of a large submarine fold west of a deep trench (known as Tonga Trench) on the floor of the Pacific Ocean. The trench is continuous, but has different names for different sections: Hikurangi Trench, the Kermadec Trench and the Tonga Trench. East-flowing material meets the South American Plate at the Peru-Chile Trench, at … The Tonga Plate begins 2500 km NNE of New Zealand and stretches northward, until the plate ends bounded by the Niuafo’ou Plate to the northwest and the Pacific Plate to the northeast. The Hikurangi Margin is an extension of the Kermadec-Tonga subduction zone further south down the east coast of the North Island. The Aleutian, Mariana, and Tonga islands are examples of _____. The rollback process is difficult to imagine, and therefore we created a set of instructional resources using COLLADA models and the Google Earth Application Programming Interface (API). A Transform Fault ZoneIn the textbook Earth Science and the Environment (4th Edition) by Thompson and Turk. No. We suppose that this ridge is the result of slow compression and that fast compression leads to the trench-type structure. This is known as a transform plate boundary. These observations about the distribution of earthquakes and volcanoes helped geologists define the processes that occur at spreading ridges and subduction zones. Which type of plate boundary creates new ocean crust? The Pacific Plate is an oceanic tectonic plate that lies beneath the Pacific Ocean. Deep-sea trench, also called oceanic trench, any long, narrow, steep-sided depression in the ocean bottom in which occur the maximum oceanic depths, approximately 7,300 to more than 11,000 metres (24,000 to 36,000 feet). What type of plate boundary creates new crust? Are all of the tectonic plates and their boundaries shown on the map? Plate boundaries. At a convergent plate boundary, a lithospheric slab of oceanic crust and upper mantle is subducted at a trench and … Mid-Atlantic Ridge 52˚ N 30˚ W Diverging North American Plate & Eurasian Plate 2. _____ 15. GPS measurements show the fastest tectonic plate convergence rates on Earth along the northern Tonga trench. The distribution of earthquakes across the globe is shown in Figure 11.7. The gentle trench slope south of the modern collision zone between the Louisville Ridge and Tonga-Kermadec Trench (∼26°S), is much broader than the … The Tonga Trench is one of the Earth's most active seismic regions with a subduction rate of nearly 9 inches a year. North of New Zealand, the Australia-Pacific boundary stretches east of Tonga and Fiji to 250 km south of Samoa. The Tonga trench is one of the fastest subduction zones, with a rate going up to 24cm/year. Because of their dominion over such widely scattered islands, the Exclusive Economic Zones of the two countries are vast. It is home to the Challenger Deep, which, at 10,911 meters (35,797 feet), is the deepest part of the ocean. Plate Boundary Chart – using your ESRT determine the type of boundary. Hint: Look at diagram _____ 14. The Eurasian Plate is subducting under the Philippine Mobile Belt at the Manila Trench. Tonga Trench Southeast Indian Ridge 13. A) Convergent Boundary (Oceanic-Oceanic Crust)b) One oceanic plate will subduct below the other-- called the subduction zone forming a TRENCH-- magma will be pushed up underwater to form volcanoes and eventually islands c) Mariana Trench & Aleutian Islands, Tonga Islands At 103 million km 2 (40 million sq mi), it is the largest tectonic plate. duction boundary (Fig. Located in the South Pacific, the Tonga Trench is 10,882m (35,702 ft) deep at its deepest point, known as the Horizon Deep. Bathym etric map (200-m contour interval) of the Tonga Trench and forearc, centered at 22 S, as well as a portion of the Pacific plate. The Tonga Trench constitutes the northern half of the Tonga-Kermadec subduction system, which extends 2,550 km (1,580 mi) between New Zealand and Tonga. The Tonga-New Zealand-Macquarie system has the well-devel- oped Tonga trench at its northern end and the anomalous Macquarie ridge at its southern end. For 2,200 km the trench is approximately linear, and includes two segments where old (>120 Myr) Pacific oceanic lithosphere rapidly subducts westward (Kermadec and Tonga). When the edge of a tectonic plate begins to subduct into the mantle, it pulls the rest of the plate as well. Tonga Trench, submarine trench in the floor of the South Pacific Ocean, about 850 miles (1,375 km) in length, forming the eastern boundary of the Tonga Ridge; the two together constitute the northern half of the Tonga-Kermadec Arc, a structural feature of the Pacific floor completed to the south by the Kermadec Trench and Ridge. East African Rift Divergent African Plate & Arabian Plate Peru-Chili Trench Convergent Nazca Plate … Tonga Trench is a convergent type of Plate boundary that is located at the northern end or northern side of the Karmadec-Tonga subduction zone. State the relationship between the depth of the focus and the earthquake's distance from the Tonga trench. The eastern boundaries of the Tonga and Kermadec Plates constitute the subduction zone of the Pacific Plate, characterized by a trench about 2,000 km in length. The oceanic Indo-Australian Plate is subducted beneath the continental Sunda Plate along the Sunda Trench. The “border” between Fiji and Tonga is a line in the ocean about 275 miles from the port of Suva and passing between some of the most remote volcanic islands in the oceans. Hillis and Müller are reported to consider the Bird's Head Plate to be moving in unison with the Pacific Plate. 10. ... structures that extends from the Hawaiian Islands to Midway Island and then continuing northward toward the Aleutian trench have … In addition, they helped scientists recognize that there are other types of plate boundaries. The type of plate boundary where plates move together, causing one of the slabs of lithosphere to be consumed into the mantle as it descends beneath an overriding plate, is called a _____ boundary. The boundary consists of the Tonga-Kermadec Subduction Zone - marked by a great trench - and its associated adjacent volcanic arc. For 2,200 km the trench is approximately linear, and includes two segments where old (>120 Myr) Pacific oceanic lithosphere rapidly subducts westward (Kermadec and Tonga). depth of earthquakes west of the Tonga trench collected along the 22o S parallel of latitude. Boundary Lab @HGB 12/1611999 . East Pacific Ridge 6. Mariana Trench 7. The Sunda Plate is subducting under the Philippine Mobile Belt at the Negros Trench and the Cotobato Trench. The unequal distribution of heat inside Earth generates some type of … It is relatively easy to see the relationships between earthquakes and the plate boundaries. North of New Zealand, the Australia-Pacific boundary stretches east of Tonga and Fiji to 250 km south of Samoa. The Pacific Plate is being subducted beneath the Okhotsk Plate along the trench, resulting in intense volcanism. Southeast Indian Ridge 13. Then, near the Alpine Fault at New Zealand’s South Sea Island, the Pacific Plate forms a transform boundary where the Indo-Australian Plate subducts under it, creating the Puysegur Trench. On this schematic diagram, label relative earthquake depths, provide realistic bathymetry, and label important features such as the location of volcanoes, the trench… Tonga lies at the easternmost edge of the Indo-Australian Plate (Fig. 18-1) and is part of an arc system (the Tonga Ridge, Scholl and Vallier, 1985) that has formed in response to subduction of the Pacific Plate over a period of at least 45 m.y. A normal fault earthquake (M8.1) in the outer trench-slope occurred at the northern end of the Tonga subduction zone, possibly with two interplate thrust subevents, on 29 September 2009 9,10,11. Tonga, Fiji, New Zealand, Australia, and CCOP /SOPAC on the second of three annual cruises in the Indian-Pacific Plate Boundary Arc Study (IPPBAS). Which Geographic feature is is associated with subduction zones? The boundary between the two plates in the past has been convergent, and most of the Greater Antilles group of islands are formed due to the complex interaction between the two plates. The wet-flowing material runs into the Austraian Plate at the Tonga Trench, which is north of New Zealand at about 175oW. The Pacific Plate contains an interior hot spot forming the Hawaiian Islands. Eruptions of Hawaiian Volcanoes [USGS] provided an ingenious explanation within the framework of plate tectonics by proposing the "Hot Spot" hypothesis. The Chile Ridge where new ocean crust is formed is in the Nazca-Antarctic Plate boundary. Collision of which two types of plates create the deepest Quakes? The yellow star marks the USGS epicenter for the 3 May 2006 earthquake and the inset shows its focal … Boundary Lab 3 ©HGB 12/16/1999 Tonga Trench 180° 179° 178° 177° 176° 175° 174° 173° 172° 171° 170° 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 Chile trench 70° 69° 68° 67° 66° 65° 64° 63° 62° 61° 60° 0 100 200 300 400 500 Depth in Km Depth in Km 7, From looking at your reference tables where do we usually find divergent boundries? This boundary has been viewed as a relic sub- … e. Using your Reference Tables, indicate the type of crust that makes up each plate. Tonga Trench and northern Lau Basin [Danyushevsky et al., 1995]. 1A). The Tonga trench marks the Eastern boundary, where the Pacific plate is being subducted. Along 6. The best way to determine the true shape of a continent is to trace the outer boundary of its continental shelf. 8. It is located in the western Pacific Ocean, an average of 200 kilometres (124 mi) to the east of the Mariana Islands, in the Western Pacific East of Philippines. San … As the plates rub against each other, huge stresses can cause portions of the rock to break, resulting in earthquakes. Type of Plate Boundary Tectonic Plates Associated with the Boundary Mid Atlantic Ridge. [6] Seabeam mapping along this boundary and the termination of the trench (Figures 2-4), reveals a tectonically complex terrain, including the transition from subduction to strike-slip motion, and the north- and southeast limbs of the Kings Triple Junction … For 2,200 km the trench is approximately linear, and includes two segments where old (>120 Myr) Pacific oceanic lithosphere rapidly subducts westward (Kermadec and Tonga). On a trench’s outer slope (the oceanic side), the slope is gentle as the plate gradually bends into the trench. What type of plate boundary creates new crust? The small red and yellow dots show background seismicity over a number of years, while the larger white dots are individual shocks associated with a M6.9 earthquake in April 2009. The Tonga Trench is an oceanic trench located in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. All of these geographic features are labeled on the black and white fault map on the next page. (Smith and Price, 2006) Tonga-Kermadec arc system. The region between the Tonga trench and the Lau back-arc basin, the Tonga-Kermadec Ridge, moves independently from the Australian and Pacific plates and is subdivided into several small plates, the Tonga, Kermadec, and Niuafo'ou plates. Explain. 22. The Tonga Trench is one of the Earth's most active seismic regions with a subduction rate of nearly 9 inches a year. GEOMOR PHOLOGY Tofua Island is oval in plan, and approxi mately 5 miles by 6 miles across (Fig. The … East African Rift Divergent African Plate & Arabian Plate (Gatliff, 1990). Why do you think this? Divergent Plate Boundaries. The Japan Trench, a subduction zone, is where the Pacific plate beneath the Pacific Ocean dives underneath North American plate beneath Japan. It The Tonga Ridge rises above the Tonga Trench with depths of 10 km on … DO NOT CONNECT THE DOTS. Give one example. It is the deepest trench in the Southern hemisphere and the second deepest on Earth. The Kermadec-Tonga Arc is an intraoceanic arc, one of the longest on earth. Tonga Trench . The different scenarios are used to explore the implications of the two plate circuits for the amount and type of deformation predicted within New Zealand and in the West Antarctic Rift system, and to the north of New Zealand. The Tonga Plate is facing the Tonga Trench. Type of Plate Boundary Converging, Diverging, Transform Name of the 2 Tectonic Plates Associated with the Boundary 1. A convergent bound… DOI: 10.1130/0016-7606(1998)110<0483:TCOSAD>2.3.CO;2 Corpus ID: 59356956. The Tonga Trench is an oceanic trench located in the southwestern Pacific Ocean.It is the deepest trench in the Southern hemisphere and the second deepest on Earth. We suppose that this ridge is the result of slow compression and that fast compression leads to the trench-type … SUBDUCTION BOUNDARIES* INTRODUCTION ... for both the Tonga and Chile Trench. Using page 5 of your reference table, where do we usually find divergent boundaries? Tonga Trench. Tonga trench and the Chile trench. duction boundary (Fig. The trench formed as a result of the subduction zone, which formed in the late Cretaceous, that created the Kuril island arc as well as the Kamchatka volcanic arc. The compressive-type boundary seems to be the most difficult to delineate. It is the deepest trench in the Southern hemisphere … 5. c. Using your Reference Tables, indicate the name of the two converging plates. Tonga trench is a convergent plate boundary which lies at northern side of of-of Karma Tonga subduction zone, where the Pacific plate is subducted below Tonga view the full answer Previous question Next question 2. The lowermost trench slopes (> 9000 m) are part of a graben in the Mesozoic Pacific plate; the west and east walls of this graben expose normal- and enriched-type ocean-ridge basalts.
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